Thursday 30 September 2021

Post #245 30 September 2021

 Gentlefolk,

This post describes some of our activities in September 2021.


The contents of this post are in the following sequence:

Covid humour

Photos of our activities during September 2021 (followed by Books read and TV series watched this month).

Tokyo Paralympic Games.

Some news items which caught my eye in September 2021 

International trade.

USA & China: Economy and Trade

Covid-19 pandemic.




First, some Covid humour:

















...


Photos of some of our activities during September 2021. 

For most of the month our activities were restricted by Canberra's lockdown which started on 12 August - residents had to stay home except for essential shopping and medical appointments and one hour of exercise per day - although really, for Vera and me, the lock-down restrictions were more of an inconvenience than a hardship.

Fortunately the Government started relaxing restrictions from mid-Sept, so that groups of up to 5 friends can meet in outdoor areas and golf / tennis are allowed.



September 1 is the official beginning of Spring in Australia, a time of rising temperatures and growth. 


The view from our balcony taken on 1 September.


The same view from our balcony taken on 29 September.



Canberra's annual Floriade Festival had to be cancelled for the second time due to Covid restrictions;  the Government planted flowers in the suburbs instead.


Floriade flowers.


Spring is also when the magpies start swooping to keep potential intruders away from their nests. Vera and I have been swooped in the past, fortunately not yet this year. Such attacks are intimidating and traumatic especially for the young and the elderly. Last month there was a case in Brisbane where a young mother was walking in a park carrying her baby. She was swooped; startled she tripped and fell onto the child who died from the injuries.  Tragic!  Experts say that less than 10% of magpies are aggressive; I personally think aggressive birds should be relocated outside urban areas.




We had coffee with friends at Bowen Park, near our apartment; nice to see people getting out and about again.


This "gateway" (?) in Bowen Park was erected in 2013 by the Hungarian Embassy to mark the centenary of the founding of Canberra.



Under the lockdown we were premitted an hour of exercise per day (later increased to 2 hours per day). Our favourite walk is along the shores of Lake Burley Griffin, and I also like the Jerrabomberra Wetlands. This walk is about 5kms (round-trip) from our apartment and usually takes me about 50 minutes of fast walking.
















The Government has built a number of "Hides" around the Wetlands to facilitate bird-watching.


The "Hides" have small windows where people can watch birds and other wildlife.







Other wildlife near the Wetlands. Canberra is known as the "Bush Capital" and it is true - you can be in the countryside within minutes.


My sister Aniko and husband Peter often walk their dogs around Mount Ainslie.


Canberra is about 600 metres above sea level - walking to the top of Mount Ainslie is a good challenge.




Walking at the National Arboretum with Malise (our guide) and John and Maria Helena and Paul Nicoll. Nice views across the new suburbs in the Molonglo Valley to Mt Stromlo. The Arboretum was the brainchild of Jon Stanhope, a former Chief Minister of the ACT.  Some commentators criticised him at the time, but it is now clear that this was a visionary project; sometimes you've just got to think big, go with your gut and take a chance.  Thank you, Jon!


Cost of fuel at Costco today (usually the cheapest in Canberra). Diesel has gone up 6 cents a liter since 31 August.  Oil has risen in recent weeks, reaching US$80 per barrel (Texas Intermediate) today. Australia is technically in recession and yet the property market is booming and the A$ is steady -  make sense???


BOOKS

A variety of books this month, unusually mostly fiction.



This book was written in 1979 by Bela Torok a close friend of my father, who passed it on to me. Following a visit to Canberra in July 2021 by Maureen and Les Torok (Bela's oldest son) I finally decided to read this book. It provides a survey of the history of Hungary - and what a tumultuous history it is, a succession of invaders and wars and hardships. 
This book was obviously a labour of love by a great patriot. So many lives and dreams were shattered by the Second World War. Like my family and countless others, Bela Torok was a Displaced Person. With his wife and 3 young boys he came to Australia in 1949. Through hard work and study, Bela became an accountant and finally a barrister/solicitor and made a new life in Australia. But he never forgot his roots.
I have read his autobiographical notes - he was blessed with 9 lives - but you also make your own luck which he did. A remarkable man.
 


"Heritage" is set in and around my home town of Cooma, NSW. It describes life there in 1954 and 1955 which was the time my father got a job on The Snowy and we moved from Sydney to Cooma. The story itself  is a bith far-fetched, but it was fun being able to identify places familiar from my youth.





A 'coming of age' tale set in regional Western Australia. Teenage boys become obsessed with surfing; push boundaries. Very well written, Tim Winton is a good author. 


What is an "unauthorised autobiography"???  This book purports to describe the life of Charles (Chuck) Barris (1929 - 2017). Barris got into Television early, and by the 1970s he was the creator and producer of several successful game shows, such as The Dating Game, The Newlywed Game, and The Gong Show. (which he also hosted).
About half the book describes Barris's exploits as a part-time CIA operative/assassin but the CIA emphatically denied that he was ever an employee so this aspect is probably fictional.
In the book he finally marries at the age of 51, when in reality he was married 3 times, the first at 28. There is also no mention of his daughter from his first marriage - makes one wonder how much more of the book is fiction (apart from CIA)?
Despite his creativity, Barris comes across as quite a nasty character: self-focused narcissist, misogynist, sexist, drunk and a user always looking out for #1.


...


TV series watched in September 2021.

Six empty seats (Russia)

SBS

Six workmates miss a flight which crashes, how their lives are impacted, and finally a major robbery gone wrong.

 

Lie after lie (Korea)

SBS

A woman is framed for the murder of her husband and jailed for ten years; on release she seeks answers and reconnects with her daughter.

 

The bad kids (China)

SBS

Three kids witness a murder and blackmail the man to raise money for a sick friend.

 

The Machinery (Sweden)

SBS

 

A reformed man is framed, and how he overcomes the odds.

 

Beneath the surface (Germany) SBS

 

A boy is lost overboard and how his family and friends react. A psychological drama.

Lupin (France)

Netflix

Man seeks the truth of his father’s conviction and suicide. Lupin is a gentleman thief, a lovable rascal, and a master of disguise always a step ahead of the opposition.

 

 

...

  

Webinars / Book launches in September 2021.

AIIA 31/8

Our exceptional friend: Australia’s fatal alliance with the United States”, by historian Dr Emma Shortis.

 

ANU 9/9

Book launch “Young Suharto, the making of a soldier 1921 – 45” by journalist and historian David Jenkins.

 

AIIA 8/9

Book launch “Not always diplomatic” by former ambassador Sue Boyd.

 

Lowy 23/9

Australia’s nuclear powered submarines”. Panel Richard McGregor (Lowy), Bilahari Kausikan (Singapore), Yun Sun (Stimson Center); Nadege Rolland (Asian Research).

 

 

...


Tokyo Paralympics

The Toyko Paralympics were held 24 August to 5 September.  Many wonderful, inspiring, disabled athletes. 

The following Table compares the Total Medals won in the Summer (Normal) Olympics and the Paralympics. Some interesting results: eg the USA came first in the Summer Olympics with 113 medals, but came 4th in the Paralympics with 104 medals.  The Ukraine improved, coming 5th in the Paralympics compared with 16th in the Summer Olympics. Why such different results?

Australia was 6th in Total Medals won in both the Summer Olympics and the Paralympics. 

Tokyo Paralympics Medal Table, top 15 countries by Total Medals won

Paralympics 24 August – 5 Sept 2021; Summer Olympics 23 July – 8 August 2021

Country

2021 Paralympics     Ranking by Total Medals won

2021 Summer Olympics     Total Medals won and ranking by Total Medals won

 

 

 

1. China

207

88 (2nd)

2. Great Britain

124

65 (4th)

3. RPC Russia

118

71 (3rd)

4. USA

104

113 (1st)

5. Ukraine

98

19 (16th)

6. Australia

80

46 (6th)

7. Brazil

72

21 (12th)

8. Italy

69

40 (7th)

9. Netherlands

59

36 (9th)

10. France

54

33 (10th)

11. Japan

51

58 (5th)

12. Germany

43

37 (8th)

13. Spain

36

17 (17th)

14. Poland

25

14 (18th)

15. Iran

24

20

 

 ...

 

News which caught my eye in September 2021.

 

Region / Country

 

News item

 

Global

No USA / NATO troops in Afghanistan for the first time in 20 years; the Taliban is back in control again.

Ronaldo scored twice in Portugal’s win over Ireland in World Cup qualifiers; Ronaldo now top scorer in international games (111 goals in 180 games; in comparison Messi has scored 76 goals in 151 games for Argentina).

China’s cap on steel production has reduced the price of iron ore by 40% from its high of $237/t in May 2021.

Tokyo Paralympics closing ceremony on 5 September.

Military coup in Guinea rocked the bauxite/aluminum industry.

USA Climate Envoy, John Kerry, met with Chinese counterparts to prepare for the Glasgow Climate Change Summit; inconclusive meetings.

Six Australian universities made the Top 100 in the Times Higher Education rankings: Melbourne (#33); ANU and U. Queensland (#54); Monash (#57); Sydney (#58); UNSW (#70).

US Tennis Open: Women’s Singles won by 18 year old Emma Radacanu (Britain) over 19 year old Layla Fernandes (Canada). Men’s Singles won by Daniil Medvedev (Russia) over Novak Djokovic (Serbia).

Wheelchair tennis at US Open: Women’s Singles won by Diede de Groot (Netherlands) and Men’s Singles won by Dylan Alcott (Australia). Both Diede and Dylan achieved Golden Slams this year in winning all 4 Majors plus Gold at Tokyo Paralympics. What incredible champions!

Aussie Daniel Ricciardo (McLaren) won the Italian Formula 1 Grand Prix (his first F1 win in 4 years).

New strategic partnership between USA, UK and Australia (AUKUS).

On 17 Sept China applied to join the Comprehensive Agreement for Trans Pacific Partnership, which currently has 11 founding members. UK and Taiwan also indicated interest in joining.

UN’s 76th General Assembly meeting in New York City.

The USA dropped the extradition request on Huawei executive Meng Wan Zhou, so Canada released her and she flew back to China. In response China released two Canadians who were in custody, Michael Kovrig and Michael Spavor.

 

USA

President Biden suggested businesses with more than 100 employees should make vaccination mandatory or weekly tests.

Several large companies (eg Amazon, Walmart, Target) have introduced schemes to subsidise college fees for employees.

The Dept of Justice has filed a civil suit challenging Texas’ law limiting abortions.

The prominent statue of Robert E Lee in Richmond has been removed.

Many ceremonies to mark the 20th anniversary of the 9/11 terrorist attacks.

Elon Musk’s SpaceX rocket took four civilians to space for 3 days, the first commercial tourism space flight (returned safely on 19/9).

From November the USA will welcome fully vaccinated visitors from selected countries (such as UK, EU).

Preview of new book “Peril” by Woodward & Costa of Washington Post causing waves (eg the US military feared a possible coup attempt by President Trump).

President Biden having difficulty getting his big Infrastructure and Social Serivces bills through Congress. The Republicans are also playing "silly buggers" by refusing to increase America's Debt Limit.

 

China

Govt restricted the time when youths aged under 18 years can play online computer games: limited to one hour on Friday night, Saturday night and Sunday night (total 3 hours a weekend); similarly children restricted to 40 minutes per day on Douyin (China’s TikTok).

China’s biggest real estate company, Evergrande, shaky with debts of around $300 Billion.

On 19 Sept three Chinese astronauts returned safely after spending 90 days on the Tianhe Space Station, 380 km above earth.

A new purpose-built Covid quarantine facility called the Guangzhou International Health Station with 5,000 rooms has been built on the outskirts of Guangzhou; cost $260 million and took just 3 months to build; international arrivals will have quarantine there for 21 days. A similar facilitiy is planned for Shenzhen.

71% of China's population of 1.4 billion has been fully vaccinated with 2 doses.

China's Central Bank declared the use of crypto (digital) currencies illegal. 

 

Australia

The Federal and State Governments have decided zero Covid is no longer feasible given the infectious nature of the Delta variant; forward planning suggests that lockdowns will finish in early November when 80% of the adult population is fully vaccinated.

GDP change in June Quarter (Q2 2021) was +0.7%. Expectation is that with NSW and Victoria lock-downs, the September Quarter will show negative growth.

The restrictions on international travel in and out of Australia were extended by 3 months, to 17 December 2021.

The NZ All Blacks beat the Wallabies (3 – 0) to retain the Bledisloe Cup for the 19th year. Wallabies beat the South African Springboks twice.

Govt hosted a “Women’s Safety Summit”.

Govt announced plans to build 8 nuclear-powered submarines with US and UK technology (the current A$90B contract to acquire 12 French conventional submarines has been cancelled).

Christian Porter, Minister for Industry, resigned rather then disclose the members of a ‘blind trust’ which donated funds to pay his legal costs.

The Melbourne Demons 140 beat the Western Bulldogs 66 to win the AFL championship; first 'flag' for Melbourne in 57 years.

 

France

The maximum speed limit in Paris was reduced to 30 km per hour.

 

Russia

General election: Putin’s United Russia Party won 50% of the vote; second was the Communist Party with 19%. Opposition leader Navalny was blocked from participating.

 

Canada

General election: Justin Trudeau’s Liberal Party was returned with 158 seats, second was the Progressive Conservative Party with 122 seats. The Liberals will form another minority Govt after failing to reach 170 seats (required for a majority in the House of Commons 338 seats).

 

Germany

General election: held on 26/9. Swing to SPD (left), while Merkel’s party, the CDU, lost ground. See more analysis below. In December 2018 Angela Merkel announced that she will retire after the 2021 election; she has been the leader of Germany for an astounding 16 years, and still has widespread support; an amazing lady. Germany, and Europe, will miss her steady, sensible guiding hand.

 

 

 ...

  

German general election held on 26 September 2021.

Provisional results as reported by Wikipedia, accessed 27 Sept 2021

The 20th Federal Parliament (Bundestag) has 735 seats (368 for a majority). This time the Social Democrats got the most seats (206) and the expectation is that the SPD will try to form a 3 way Coalition with the Greens and the FDP.

The incumbent Chancellor, Angela Merkel, leader of the CDU announced in 2018 that she would retire after the 2021 election. She has been Chancellor for 16 years; will stay in office until a new Coalition is agreed (could take weeks or even months).


Party (and leader)

No. of votes (million)

 

% of vote

Total seats (and change from 2017)

Social Democratic Party SPD  (Olof Scholz)

 

12.0m

25.7%

206  (+53)

CDU/CSU  (Armin Laschet)

 

11.2m

24.1%

196  (-50)

Grune  (Annalena Baerbock)

 

6.9m

14.8%

118  (+51)

FDP  (Christian Lindner)

 

5.3m

11.5%

92  (+12)

AfD  (Alice Weidel)

 

4.8m

10.4%

83  (-11)

Linke  (Janine Wissler)

 

2.3m

4.9%

39  (-30)

Others

 

 

8.7%

1

 

For the 2021 general election there were 61.2 million registered voters, of which 76.6% voted (turn-out rate).

The German electoral system is different and, for outsiders, complicated: each person casts two votes, one for their Constituency and the other for their Party List.

It is rare for one Party to win a majority of seats, so Coalitions are the norm; often “Grand Coalitions”, comprising the main Parties (CDU/CSU and SPD), form Government. 

That would never happen in Australia or UK or USA or Canada, except perhaps in wartime; can you imagine the Conservatives & Labour or Democrats & Republicans being in Coalition?  

Why are our politics so adversarial? This is especially noticeable in Washington DC at the moment, with Republicans opposing anything proposed by Biden/Democrats? 

Why is it so difficult to agree on what is in the national interest?  For example, surely Biden's plan to upgrade America's aging infrastructure makes sense and is in the national interest? In Australia why can't the Coalition agree on carbon emission targets for 2050, which the whole world is pursuing?

What is it about Germany that makes political opponents able to work together? 

 

 ...


Germany’s 10 biggest trading partners (exports + imports) in 2020 (euros):

1. China

213 billion

6. Italy

114 billion

2. The Netherlands

172 billion

7. Switzerland

102 billion

3. USA

172 billion

8. UK

102 billion

4. France

148 billion

9. Austria

100 billion

5. Poland

123 billion

10. Czech Rep.

83 billion

Source: Statistisches Bundesamt, reported by the BBC on 14 September 2021.

 ...

 

Canadian general election

Although the current Government still had 2 years to run, on 15 August 2021 the Governor General of Canada granted Prime Minister Justin Trudeau his request to hold a general election on 20 September.  

The result of the election was similar to 2019: the Liberal Party won 159 seats (+2), the Conservatives 119 (-2), Bloc Quebecois 33, New Democrat Party 25, and Green Party 2. The Liberals will again form a minority Govt as they fell short of the 170 seats required for a majority in the House of Commons.

The Conservatives again got more of the popular vote (34%) than the Liberals (33%).

The ten top issues identified as concerning voters were:

Issue

% concerned

Change over 2019

1. Cost of living

62%

+7%

2. Healthcare

47%

+5%

3. Climate change

46%

+6%

4. Covid recovery

42%

-

5. Economic future

41%

+8%

6. Taxes

39%

+1%

7. Poverty & inequality

36%

+8%

8. Housing

33%

+8%

9. Govt spending / deficit

31%

+4%

10. Cost of medicines

26%

+1%

           

 ...


Height changes in The Netherlands, the world’s tallest nation.

On 19 September 2021 CNN reported that, according to Statistics Netherlands, the height of Dutch citizens (the world’s tallest) may have peaked: men born in 2001 are, on average, 1cm shorter than men born in 1980; women are 1.4cm shorter.

Men born in 1980 had an average height of 183.9cm, which was 8.3cm taller than for men born in 1930. Women born in 1980 averaged 170.7cm, 5.3cm taller than women born in 1930.

 

 ...

 

INTERNATIONAL TRADE

My 30 year career as an Australian Trade Commissioner gave me an interest in matters related to international trade.  I subscribe to Bloomberg's excellent daily newsletter "Supply Lines - tracking Covid-19's impact on trade" (former title 'Trade Matters').  


The coronavirus pandemic had a big impact on countries' economies and on international trade, which is now rebounding.  

Here are some of the more interesting graphs in the Bloomberg newsletter during September 2021; they are largely self-explanatory.

 

 

According to UNCTAD, World GDP contracted by (-) 3.5% in 2020, and will increase by +5.3% in 2021 and around +3% in 2022.










Chinese preliminary trade figures for August 2021 showed new monthly records:  Total Exports of $294 Billion (an increase of 28% over August 2020) and Total Imports of $236 Billion (an increase of 33% over August 2020), for a monthly surplus of $58 Billion.



















Bloomberg comment on this graph: The Delta variant's blow to global supply chains appears to be moderating. All 10 of Bloomberg's Trade Tracker gauges were in "normal" range in the final week of September 2021, compared with two months ago when almost 50% were "above normal". 


...


USA and China: key indicators

To see how the two superpowers compared on key indicators I compiled statistics sourced from the CIA World Factbook https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/ accessed on 20 August 2021. 

In last month's Post I included Geography & People. Today's table covers Economy and Trade. 

In future posts I will include further Tables comparing the USA and China on other key indicators.

Note: All dollars are US$; est. = estimate (I am puzzled why the CIA still shows some older statistics as "estimates"?).


Economy: USA & China Compared

Source: CIA World Factbook accessed 20 August 2021

 

USA

China

ECONOMY

 

 

Direct involvement in economy

Insignificant

Significant via SOEs (35%?); decreasing?

 

Gross Domestic Product (GDP)

(2019 est.)

‘Official exchange rate’ basis

(also called ‘Nominal’ basis)

 

 

 

$21.4 Trillion

 

 

 

 

 

 

$14.3 Trillion

 

 

 

 

Real GDP on Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) basis

·       Real GDP / PPP per capita (2010 dollars)

·       World ranking (see Table below for top 10 economies on PPP basis)

 

$20.5 Trillion


 $62,530

15th of 228 countries

$22.5 Trillion

 

$16,117

 106th of 228 countries

GDP growth rate (2019 est.)

 

2.16%

6.14%

GDP composition (2017 est.)

·       Agriculture

·       Industry

·       Services

 

 

0.9%

19.1%

80.0%

 

7.9%

40.5%

51.6%

Inflation rate (2019 est.)

(increase in Consumer Price Index)

 

1.8%

2.8%

Total population (July 2021 est.)

335 million

1,384 million

 

Labour force (2019 est.)  Australia/China

·       Agriculture

·       Industry

·       Services

 Australia 12.6 m

3.6%

21.1%

75.3%

775 million

27.7%

28.8%

43.5%

 

Unemployment rate (2018 est.)

3.89%

3.84% (urban)

 

 

 

 

INTERNATIONAL TRADE

 

 

 

Exports (USA 2019 est, China 2018)

Major export markets

$2.38 Trillion

Canada 17%, Mexico 16%, China 7%.

$2.49 Trillion

USA 17%, HK 10%, Japan 6%.

 

Imports (USA 2019 est, China 2018)

Major import sources

$3.21 Trillion

China 18%, Mex 15%, Canada 13%, Japan 6%, Germany 5%.

 

2.14 Trillion

S Korea 9%, Japan 8%, Australia 7%, Germany 7%, USA 7%.

 

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold (as at 31 December 2017 est.)

 

$123 Billion

$3,236 Billion

According to the World Bank, a better measure of GDP is based on Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) which takes into account different internal cost structures. For example, a Dollar buys more in China than in the USA, and the PPP takes the different purchasing power into account. 

On the PPP basis, China's GDP (Economy) is larger than that of the USA (see table below).


Top 10 economies on GDP/PPP basis, 2019 estimates, rounded

Source: CIA World Factbook (from World Bank), accessed 20 August 2021.

Country

GDP on PPP basis

US$ Trillion, rounded to one decimal place

 

1. China

 

22.5

2. USA

 

20.5

3. India

 

9.2

4. Japan

 

5.2

5. Germany

 

4.5

6. Russia

 

4.0

7. Indonesia

 

3.2

8. United Kingdom

 

3.1

9. France

 

3.1

10. Brazil

 

3.1

 

 

19. Australia

 

1.3

 


Covid 19 PANDEMIC


The Covid pandemic seems to be slowing: Global cases of Covid 19 increased by 20 million in August and by 16 million in September, while Global deaths increased by 0.6 million in August and 0.3 million in September.

During September the number of cumulative deaths in the USA passed the 675,000 total recorded in the 1918-19 Spanish Flu pandemic. President Biden keeps urging Americans to get vaccinated (less likely to get very sick or die) and he has now permitted booster shots to give added protection.


Covid-19 Pandemic top 15 countries by cumulative cases, as at 30 September 2021.

Source: www.worldometers.info/coronavirus (accessed 30 September 2021)

Country

Cumulative Cases

31 July 2021   (millions)

Cumulative deaths

31 July 2021 (thousands)

Cumulative Cases

30 Sept 2021   (millions)

Cumulative deaths

30 Sept 2021 (thousands)

Global

198M

4.2M

234M

4.8M

1. USA

35.7

629

44.2

714

2. India

31.6

424

33.8

448

3. Brazil

19.9

556

21.4

596

4. UK

5.8

130

7.8

137

5. Russia

6.2

121

7.5

206

6. Turkey

5.7

47

7.1

64

7. France

6.1

112

7.0

117

8. Iran

3.9

90

5.6

120

9. Argentina

4.9

106

5.3

115

10. Spain

4.5

82

5.0

86

11. Colombia

4.8

120

5.0

126

12. Italy

4.3

128

4.7

131

13. Germany

3.8

92

4.2

94

14. Indonesia

3.4

92

4.2

142

15. Mexico

 

 

3.7

276

 

 

 

 

 

109. Australia

 

 

103K

1.3K

 

 In Australia the Federal and State Governments seem to have decided that "zero Covid" is no longer feasible given the infectious nature of the Delta variant; forward planning suggests that lockdowns will finish in early November when 80% of the adult population is fully vaccinated.

The current outbreak started in Sydney (NSW) in June. NSW went into lockdown followed by Victoria and the ACT as Covid spread.

The number of new daily cases peaked in NSW at 1,599 in mid-September and have lately been under 1,000 per day.  But the trend is the opposite in Victoria which in the last 3 days has recorded 867, 950, and 1,438 new cases (possibly due to the anti-vaccination demonstrations in Melbourne a week ago?).

The ACT/Canberra recorded 22 new cases yesterday. Lockdown is due to end here on 15 October (some restrictions easing now). It's great to be playing golf again!

Queensland has done very well to date, but recorded 6 new cases yesterday. 65% of adult Queenslanders have had one dose and 46% have had two doses of vaccine.


...


That's it for another month.

Just wanted to mention the Melbourne Demon's amazing comeback in Q3 against the Western Bulldogs in the AFL Grand Final last weekend. The scores at the end of each quarter were: Q1 Demons 4.5 (29) Bulldogs 1.2 (8); Q2 5.9 (39) to 7.5 (47); Q3 12.11 (83) to 9.5 (59); Q4 21.14 (140) to 10.6 (66).

Our grandson, Nate Roberts, played halfback for the Under 14s Brisbane Blue team in the Queensland Schoolboys Rugby Union Championship held in Toowoomba last week; they came a creditable 3rd. Well done, Nate!


Best wishes, stay healthy and keep smiling.

Vera & Alex Olah

Canberra, Australia

Thursday 30 September 2021.